AMAN : A severe form of Guillain-Barré syndrome in children

Abstract

Introduction : Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), an acute inflammatory neuropathy, remains rare in children. The AMAN form, whose frequency varies depending on the region, remains poorly understood in Tunisia due to a lack of epidemiological data. Observation : We report the case of a 4-year- and 9-month-old boy referred for acute onset of bilateral lower limb weakness and swallowing disorders. Clinical examination revealed flaccid paralysis. Electromyogram confirmed the diagnosis of AMAN GBS. Etiological investigation revealed a primary infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Treatment consisted of intravenous administration of polyvalent immunoglobulins, a stay in intensive care, long-term hospitalization, and several months of respiratory and motor physiotherapy to achieve gradual recovery without sequelae. Conclusions : The AMAN form of GBS is a severe motor form. Early diagnosis with rapid treatment is necessary to limit respiratory complications and optimize long-term functional recovery.