Post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans: a well-defined entity in children

Abstract

Introduction: Post-infectious Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is a rare but serious condition. It is often misdiagnosed and its management is not codified. We reported four cases of pediatric BO. Observation: The mean age of our four patients was 20 months. They presented an initial severe viral pneumonia, due to the influenza virus in two cases and continued to demonstrate obstructive respiratory events which did not respond to bronchodilators. Chest CT scan showed a mosaic perfusion in all cases. The treatment consisted on a high dose corticosteroids, azithromycin and long-term oxygen therapy. Conclusion: The diagnosis of post-viral BO in children is well defined; however its management remains difficult and not codified.